Bone Cancer

Bone cancer is a rare cancer that begins in a bone. Bone cancer commonly affects the long bones that can be found in the arms and legs.

There are several different types such as Osteosarcoma (Also known as Osteogenic Sarcoma), Ewing’s Sarcoma, Chondrosarcoma, Spindle Cell Sarcoma, Chordoma, and Angiosarcoma.

About this Cancer

  • Bone cancer is one of the rarest types, with the most recent data dating from 2018 and 2020.
  • According to the Canadian Cancer Society, in terms of incidence rate, 285 Canadians were diagnosed with bone cancer in 2018, of which 170 (60%) were men and 115 (40%) were women.
  • In 2020, 222 Canadians died from bone cancer, of which 136 (61%) were men and 86 (49%) were women.

Source: Canadian Cancer Society

The following are symptoms of bone cancer:

  • Pain in the region of the tumor that worsens at night or when using the bone
  • Swelling or lump in the affected area
  • Weakened bone
  • Fractures

For more information, check out the American Cancer Society.

Risk factors for bone cancer depend on the type of cancer and include:

  • History of chemotherapy
  • Radiation exposure
  • Conditions affecting the bone (e.g.: Paget’s disease of the bone)
  • Genetic conditions (e.g.: Li-Fraumeni syndrome)

For more information, check out the Canadian Cancer Society.

The following procedures are done to diagnose bone cancer:

  • Medical history and physical exam
  • Imaging tests (X-ray, MRI, CT and PET scans)
  • Biopsy
  • Cell and tissue tests
  • Blood chemistry tests
  • Complete blood count (CBC)
  • Bone scan

For more information, check out the Canadian Cancer Society.

Treatment options include:

  • Surgery
  • Chemotherapy
  • Radiation therapy

For more information, check out the Canadian Cancer Society.

Bone Cancer Groups

Sarcoma Cancer Foundation of Canada: “Sarcoma Cancer Foundation of Canada is Canada’s national organization dedicated to providing patient support and education while working with Canada’s leading researchers to eradicate the disease.” Visit them at Sarcoma Cancer Foundation of Canada.